1. Research is:
(a) A fault activity
(b) An activity that helps in development
(c) An interesting activity
(d) An activity that adds to happiness of the people
2. A researcher should always:
(a) Know everything in his area
(b) Know about sub-area
(c) Wait for an inspiration
(d) None of the above
3. Which of the following best sums up the objective of hypothesis?
(a) It places clear goals for the researcher
(b) It prevents the researcher from undertaking blind research
(c) It enables the researcher to draw conclusions.
(d) It lays down the rules for undertaking the research
4. One undertakes research for which of the following purpose?
{a) To verify what has been established
(b) To refute some assumptions
(c) To describe a new phenomenon
(d) Either of a, b or c
5. Research promises advancement of knowledge but discoveries are rare bee
(a) Research is a critical, continuous investigation
(b) Researchers are not creative enough to solve problems
(c) Sustained effort at research is lacking these days
(d) Most people lack the aptitude for research
6. Language is a
(a) Instinctive development
(b) System of symbols for effective communication
(c) Medium to express experiences
(d) Medium for self enhancement
7. An individual's ability to learn is
(a) Absorbed
(b) Acquired
(c) Occurring from within
(d) Developed
8. Bibliography given in a research report
(a) Helps those interested in further research and studying the problem from a angle. »
(b) Shows the vast knowledge of the researcher
(c) Makes the report authentic
(d) None of the above
9. The research antagonistic to ex-post facto research is
(a) Experimental studies
(b) Library researches
(c) Normative researches
(d) all of the above
10. An example of scientific knowledge is
(a) Social traditions and customs
(b) Authority of the prophet or great men
(c) Religious scriptures
(d) Laboratory and field experiments
11. The process not needed in experimental researches is
(a) Controlling
(b) Observation
(c) Manipulation and replication
(d) Reference collection
12. Research promises advancement of knowledge but discoveries are rare because:
(a) Research is a critical, continuous investigation
(b) Researchers are not creative enough to solve problems
(c) Sustained effort at research is lacking these days
(d) Most people lack the aptitude for research
13. In any discipline, theories and observations (related experiment results):
(a) Should complement each other
(b) more often than not should contradict each other
(c) Need not have anything to do with each other
(d) should compensate each other
14. If I do not get a satisfactory explanation to certain occurrences.
(a) It may not be worth knowing at all
(b) It would be better to wait for a person who can explain it
(c) It would be better to visit a nearby research institute to get more information
(d) I would not be at rest till I get a correct explanation
15. All are example of qualitative variables except
(a) Sex
(b) Religion and castes
(c) Observation
(d) Interest of the subject
16. If the sample drawn does not specify any condition about the parameter of the population, it is called
(a) Selected statistics
(b) Distribution free statistics
(c) Census
(d) Non of the above
17. Attributes of objects, events of things which can be measured are called
(a) Data
(b) Qualitative measure
(c) Variables
(d) None of the above
18. In order to augment the accuracy of the study a researcher
(a) Should be honest and unbiased
(b) Should increase the size of the sample
(c) Should kept the variance high
(d) all of these
19. Hypothesis cannot be stated in
(a) Declarative terms
(b) Null and question form terms
(c) General terms
(d) Directional terms
20. All causes non sampling errors except
(a) Faulty tools of measurement
(b) Inadequate sample
(c) Defect in data collection
(d) Non-response
21. Formulation of hypothesis may not be necessary in
(a) Survey studies
(b) Fact finding (historical) studio
(c) Experimental studies
(d) Normative studies
22. Who is regarded the father of scientific social surveys?
(a) Best
(b) Booth
(c) Darwin
(d) None of these
23. A good piece of research is a product of:
(a) Collective scholarship
(b) a good library
(c) A penetrating and analytical mind
(d) a touch of genius
24. What is statistical inference?
(a) Reaching conclusions from a sample
(b) Analyzing statistical data
(c) Applying statistical methods
(d) Developing statistical theories
25. Which of the following is not correct? A belief becomes a scientific truth when
(a) Is established experimentally
(b) Is arrived logically
(c) Is accepted by many people
(d) can be replicated
26. The experimental study is based on the law of
(a) Single variable
(b) Occupation
(c) Replication
(d) interest of the subject
27. Fordoing external criticism (for establishing the authenticity of tin a) a rese must verify
(a) Signature and handwriting of the author
(b) The paper and ink used in that period which is under study
(c) Style of prose writing of that period
(d) all of the above
28. Survey study aims at
(i) Knowing facts about the existing situation
(ii) Comparing the present status with the standard norms
(iii) Criticizing the existing situation
(iv) Identifying the means of improving the existing situation
(a) (i) And (ii) only
(b) (i), (ii). And (iv)
(c) (i), (ii), (iii) And (iv)
(d) (ii) And (iii) only
29. Which of the following is not the characteristic of a researcher?
(a) He is industrious and persistent on the trial of discovery
(b) He is a specialist rather than a generalist
(c) He is not inspirational to his chosen field but accepts the reality
(d) He is not versatile in his interest and even in his native abilities
(e) He is versatile in his interest even in his native abilities
(f) He is objective
30. The validity and reliability of a research will be at stake when -
(a) The incident was reported after a long period of time from that of its occurrence
(b) The author who is the source of information is biased, incompetent of dishonest
(c) The researcher himself is not competent enough to draw logical conclusions
(d) All of the above
31. A researcher wants to study the future of the Congress I in India. For the study which tool is most
appropriate for him?
(a) Picnics/excursions
(b) mock-parliament
(c) Celebration of festivals
(d) all of the above
32. seeing a very big it was reported that JD will win the election, the conclusion was based on
(a) Random sampling
(b) Cluster sampling
(c) Purposive sampling
(d) Systematic sampling
33. A researcher divides his population into certain groups and fixes the size of the sample from each
group. It is called
(a) Stratified sample
(b) Quota sample
(c) Cluster sample
(d) all of the above
34. Which technique is generally followed when the population is finite?
(a) Purposive sampling technique
(b) Area sampling technique
(c) Systematic sampling technique
(d) None of the above
35. Which of the following is a non-probability sample?
(a) Quota sample
(b) Simple random sample
(c) Purposive sample
(d) (a) and (c) both
36. A researcher selects a probability sample of 100 out of the total population. It is
(a) Cluster sample
(b) A random sample
(c) A systematic sample
(d) A stratified sample
37. A good hypothesis should be
(a) Formulated in such a way that it can be tested by the data
(b) Precise, specific and consistent with most known facts
(c) Of limited scope and should not have global significance {d) all o these
38. While writing research report a researcher
(a) Must arrange it in logical, topical and chronological order
(b) Must not use the numerical figures in numbers in the beginning of sentences
(c) Must compare his results with those of the other studies
(d) all of the above
39. Which of the following is a primary source of data?
(a) Official records - governments documents, information preserved by social religious organization etc.
(b) Personal records, letters, diaries, autobiographies, wills, etc.
(c) Oral survey of traditions and customs
(d) All of the above
40. A farmer considers the age-old method of ploughing better then the latest methods available to him.
In arriving at this conclusion, he is being influenced by: «
(a) Tradition
(b) Experience
(c) Reason
(d) Experimentation
41. Consider the following statement: 'Observations, in themselves, are of little statement.' What is the
basis of making such a statement?
(a) They are without any purpose
(b) They must be related to other facts for generalization
(c) They are not systematic and not amenable to scientific interpretation
(d) They are meaningful only if collected by a scientist
42. Logic of induction is very close to
(a) The logic of sampling
(b) The logic of the controlled variable
(c) The logic of observation
(d) none of the above
43. Field study is related to
(a) Real life situations
(b) Laboratory situations
(c) Experimental situations
(d) None of the above
44. A researcher divides the populations into PG, graduates and 10+2 students and using the random digit
table he selects some of them from each. This is technically called.
(a) Settled sampling
(b) Stratified random sampling
(c) Representative sampling
(d) None of these
45. Generalized conclusion on the basis of a sample is technically known as
(a) Statistical inference of external validity of the research
(b) Parameter inference
(c) Data analysis and interpretation
(d) all of the above
46. Validity of a research can be improved by
(a) Taking the true representative sample of the population
(b) Eliminating extraneous factors %
(c) Both the above measures
(d) None of these
47. In higher education, research and education are two activities that:
(a) Cannot go together
(b) Can go only in sequential order
(c) Can go together
(d) Can go together but at the expense of each other
48. for a proposition to be true, it is necessary that it should have all of the following excepts:
(a) It must be objective
(b) It must be in tune with accepted beliefs
(c) It must be consistent
(d) It must be testable
49. Which of the following is not the requirement of a hypothesis? It should:
(a) Be based on facts
(b) Be conceivable
(c) Contradict the knowledge of nature
(d) Allow consequences to be deducted from it
50. Which of the following is most reasonable about teaching and research activities?
(a) Both are entirely different activities
(b) Both cannot be done side by side
(c) Both are two aspects of the same coin
(d) Both could hinder one another
ANSWERS
(1) b (2) b (3) a (4) d (5) a (6) c (7) c (8) a (9) a (10) d
(11) d (12) a (13) a (14) d (15) d(16) b (17) c (18) d (19) c (20) b
(21) b (22) b (23) c (24) a (25) a (26) a (27) d (28) b (29) d(30) d
(31) a (32) b (33) b (34) c (35) d (36) b (37) d (38) d (39) c (40) a
(41) b (42) a (43) a(44) b (45) a (46) c (47) c (48) b (49) a (50) c
(a) A fault activity
(b) An activity that helps in development
(c) An interesting activity
(d) An activity that adds to happiness of the people
2. A researcher should always:
(a) Know everything in his area
(b) Know about sub-area
(c) Wait for an inspiration
(d) None of the above
3. Which of the following best sums up the objective of hypothesis?
(a) It places clear goals for the researcher
(b) It prevents the researcher from undertaking blind research
(c) It enables the researcher to draw conclusions.
(d) It lays down the rules for undertaking the research
4. One undertakes research for which of the following purpose?
{a) To verify what has been established
(b) To refute some assumptions
(c) To describe a new phenomenon
(d) Either of a, b or c
5. Research promises advancement of knowledge but discoveries are rare bee
(a) Research is a critical, continuous investigation
(b) Researchers are not creative enough to solve problems
(c) Sustained effort at research is lacking these days
(d) Most people lack the aptitude for research
6. Language is a
(a) Instinctive development
(b) System of symbols for effective communication
(c) Medium to express experiences
(d) Medium for self enhancement
7. An individual's ability to learn is
(a) Absorbed
(b) Acquired
(c) Occurring from within
(d) Developed
8. Bibliography given in a research report
(a) Helps those interested in further research and studying the problem from a angle. »
(b) Shows the vast knowledge of the researcher
(c) Makes the report authentic
(d) None of the above
9. The research antagonistic to ex-post facto research is
(a) Experimental studies
(b) Library researches
(c) Normative researches
(d) all of the above
10. An example of scientific knowledge is
(a) Social traditions and customs
(b) Authority of the prophet or great men
(c) Religious scriptures
(d) Laboratory and field experiments
11. The process not needed in experimental researches is
(a) Controlling
(b) Observation
(c) Manipulation and replication
(d) Reference collection
12. Research promises advancement of knowledge but discoveries are rare because:
(a) Research is a critical, continuous investigation
(b) Researchers are not creative enough to solve problems
(c) Sustained effort at research is lacking these days
(d) Most people lack the aptitude for research
13. In any discipline, theories and observations (related experiment results):
(a) Should complement each other
(b) more often than not should contradict each other
(c) Need not have anything to do with each other
(d) should compensate each other
14. If I do not get a satisfactory explanation to certain occurrences.
(a) It may not be worth knowing at all
(b) It would be better to wait for a person who can explain it
(c) It would be better to visit a nearby research institute to get more information
(d) I would not be at rest till I get a correct explanation
15. All are example of qualitative variables except
(a) Sex
(b) Religion and castes
(c) Observation
(d) Interest of the subject
16. If the sample drawn does not specify any condition about the parameter of the population, it is called
(a) Selected statistics
(b) Distribution free statistics
(c) Census
(d) Non of the above
17. Attributes of objects, events of things which can be measured are called
(a) Data
(b) Qualitative measure
(c) Variables
(d) None of the above
18. In order to augment the accuracy of the study a researcher
(a) Should be honest and unbiased
(b) Should increase the size of the sample
(c) Should kept the variance high
(d) all of these
19. Hypothesis cannot be stated in
(a) Declarative terms
(b) Null and question form terms
(c) General terms
(d) Directional terms
20. All causes non sampling errors except
(a) Faulty tools of measurement
(b) Inadequate sample
(c) Defect in data collection
(d) Non-response
21. Formulation of hypothesis may not be necessary in
(a) Survey studies
(b) Fact finding (historical) studio
(c) Experimental studies
(d) Normative studies
22. Who is regarded the father of scientific social surveys?
(a) Best
(b) Booth
(c) Darwin
(d) None of these
23. A good piece of research is a product of:
(a) Collective scholarship
(b) a good library
(c) A penetrating and analytical mind
(d) a touch of genius
24. What is statistical inference?
(a) Reaching conclusions from a sample
(b) Analyzing statistical data
(c) Applying statistical methods
(d) Developing statistical theories
25. Which of the following is not correct? A belief becomes a scientific truth when
(a) Is established experimentally
(b) Is arrived logically
(c) Is accepted by many people
(d) can be replicated
26. The experimental study is based on the law of
(a) Single variable
(b) Occupation
(c) Replication
(d) interest of the subject
27. Fordoing external criticism (for establishing the authenticity of tin a) a rese must verify
(a) Signature and handwriting of the author
(b) The paper and ink used in that period which is under study
(c) Style of prose writing of that period
(d) all of the above
28. Survey study aims at
(i) Knowing facts about the existing situation
(ii) Comparing the present status with the standard norms
(iii) Criticizing the existing situation
(iv) Identifying the means of improving the existing situation
(a) (i) And (ii) only
(b) (i), (ii). And (iv)
(c) (i), (ii), (iii) And (iv)
(d) (ii) And (iii) only
29. Which of the following is not the characteristic of a researcher?
(a) He is industrious and persistent on the trial of discovery
(b) He is a specialist rather than a generalist
(c) He is not inspirational to his chosen field but accepts the reality
(d) He is not versatile in his interest and even in his native abilities
(e) He is versatile in his interest even in his native abilities
(f) He is objective
30. The validity and reliability of a research will be at stake when -
(a) The incident was reported after a long period of time from that of its occurrence
(b) The author who is the source of information is biased, incompetent of dishonest
(c) The researcher himself is not competent enough to draw logical conclusions
(d) All of the above
31. A researcher wants to study the future of the Congress I in India. For the study which tool is most
appropriate for him?
(a) Picnics/excursions
(b) mock-parliament
(c) Celebration of festivals
(d) all of the above
32. seeing a very big it was reported that JD will win the election, the conclusion was based on
(a) Random sampling
(b) Cluster sampling
(c) Purposive sampling
(d) Systematic sampling
33. A researcher divides his population into certain groups and fixes the size of the sample from each
group. It is called
(a) Stratified sample
(b) Quota sample
(c) Cluster sample
(d) all of the above
34. Which technique is generally followed when the population is finite?
(a) Purposive sampling technique
(b) Area sampling technique
(c) Systematic sampling technique
(d) None of the above
35. Which of the following is a non-probability sample?
(a) Quota sample
(b) Simple random sample
(c) Purposive sample
(d) (a) and (c) both
36. A researcher selects a probability sample of 100 out of the total population. It is
(a) Cluster sample
(b) A random sample
(c) A systematic sample
(d) A stratified sample
37. A good hypothesis should be
(a) Formulated in such a way that it can be tested by the data
(b) Precise, specific and consistent with most known facts
(c) Of limited scope and should not have global significance {d) all o these
38. While writing research report a researcher
(a) Must arrange it in logical, topical and chronological order
(b) Must not use the numerical figures in numbers in the beginning of sentences
(c) Must compare his results with those of the other studies
(d) all of the above
39. Which of the following is a primary source of data?
(a) Official records - governments documents, information preserved by social religious organization etc.
(b) Personal records, letters, diaries, autobiographies, wills, etc.
(c) Oral survey of traditions and customs
(d) All of the above
40. A farmer considers the age-old method of ploughing better then the latest methods available to him.
In arriving at this conclusion, he is being influenced by: «
(a) Tradition
(b) Experience
(c) Reason
(d) Experimentation
41. Consider the following statement: 'Observations, in themselves, are of little statement.' What is the
basis of making such a statement?
(a) They are without any purpose
(b) They must be related to other facts for generalization
(c) They are not systematic and not amenable to scientific interpretation
(d) They are meaningful only if collected by a scientist
42. Logic of induction is very close to
(a) The logic of sampling
(b) The logic of the controlled variable
(c) The logic of observation
(d) none of the above
43. Field study is related to
(a) Real life situations
(b) Laboratory situations
(c) Experimental situations
(d) None of the above
44. A researcher divides the populations into PG, graduates and 10+2 students and using the random digit
table he selects some of them from each. This is technically called.
(a) Settled sampling
(b) Stratified random sampling
(c) Representative sampling
(d) None of these
45. Generalized conclusion on the basis of a sample is technically known as
(a) Statistical inference of external validity of the research
(b) Parameter inference
(c) Data analysis and interpretation
(d) all of the above
46. Validity of a research can be improved by
(a) Taking the true representative sample of the population
(b) Eliminating extraneous factors %
(c) Both the above measures
(d) None of these
47. In higher education, research and education are two activities that:
(a) Cannot go together
(b) Can go only in sequential order
(c) Can go together
(d) Can go together but at the expense of each other
48. for a proposition to be true, it is necessary that it should have all of the following excepts:
(a) It must be objective
(b) It must be in tune with accepted beliefs
(c) It must be consistent
(d) It must be testable
49. Which of the following is not the requirement of a hypothesis? It should:
(a) Be based on facts
(b) Be conceivable
(c) Contradict the knowledge of nature
(d) Allow consequences to be deducted from it
50. Which of the following is most reasonable about teaching and research activities?
(a) Both are entirely different activities
(b) Both cannot be done side by side
(c) Both are two aspects of the same coin
(d) Both could hinder one another
ANSWERS
(1) b (2) b (3) a (4) d (5) a (6) c (7) c (8) a (9) a (10) d
(11) d (12) a (13) a (14) d (15) d(16) b (17) c (18) d (19) c (20) b
(21) b (22) b (23) c (24) a (25) a (26) a (27) d (28) b (29) d(30) d
(31) a (32) b (33) b (34) c (35) d (36) b (37) d (38) d (39) c (40) a
(41) b (42) a (43) a(44) b (45) a (46) c (47) c (48) b (49) a (50) c